문학 텍스트에서 진리와 언어 사이의 쟁점에 관한 연구

초록

The ultimate truth is beyond the reach of human consciousness and language, so how can we arrive at truth without language? Saints and sages say to use language as a way, but to leave language and arrive at truth. The author analyzed how literary texts resolve the aporia between language and truth into six categories: metaphor and metonymy, hermeneutic circulation, context, worldview, intertextuality, and Zen enlightenment, and applied this theory to the criticism of poetic texts. Through metaphor, the meaning of the object gradually approaches the truth. However, metaphor builds identity while aiming for idealization, abstraction, and invariability. On the other hand, metonymy breaks identity and reveals differences while aiming for concreteness, materiality, and variability. However, whether it is metaphor or metonymy, no matter how deep the meaning is revealed, it is not the ultimate truth but only a glimpse of it. Above all, both are not real but are fictitious by analogy. Through the hermeneutical cycle, we move back and forth between subject and object, part and whole, understanding and horizon, fusing the horizon of expectation with the horizon of the text. And we approach truth through creative and profound understanding according to the new horizons. However, this focuses on interpretation that has removed the social and historical context. Context combines with text and reveals creative and authentic meaning. Instead, it limits the infinite or ultimate meaning that text can reveal to context and misses that it operates as a structure beyond socio-economic or historical context. Even if the same object’s form, function, or essence is transferred to metaphor, different worldviews form different meanings. Therefore, to correctly interpret art texts or ritual symbols from societies with other worldviews, we must understand the worldviews first. However, since there is not only one worldview in an era, the meaning of an object or nature will converge into a more truthful meaning only by revealing the excluded meanings through the dominant worldview, the residual worldview and the emerging worldview. Through intertextuality, the meaning inherent in one text reveals myriad meanings while relating to other texts. The Song of Enlightened truth, which transforms enlightenment into poetry, communicates the truth of the enlightened world in symbolized and condensed language. This six-category system will help us interpret the truth beyond the limitations of language and the obstacles of text in literary texts.

키워드