임파워링 리더십이 직무열의와 경력정체에 미치는 영향 - 심리적 임파워먼트의 매개효과와 성별에 따른 다집단 분석 -

초록

This study, grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT), examined the effects of empowering leadership on work engagement and career plateau through psychological empowerment in science and technology research organizations, and explored whether these structural paths differed by gender. Unlike prior SDT research focused primarily on need satisfaction and positive outcomes, this study extends SDT by investigating how need frustration contributes to negative career outcomes and how the context-dependence of need satisfaction varies by gender. Using data from KIRD's 2024 Survey on Human Resource Development Activities in Science and Technology, 2,000 employees were analyzed via structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis, controlling for educational attainment and academic major. Empowering leadership had a significant positive effect on psychological empowerment but no significant direct effect on work engagement. It showed a significant positive direct effect on career plateau. Psychological empowerment positively predicted work engagement and negatively predicted career plateau. For career plateau, an inconsistent mediation pattern was found, with a positive direct effect and a negative indirect effect occurring simultaneously. Gender differences appeared in direct paths related to work engagement, but not in indirect effects. These findings suggest that empowering leadership in research organizations does not operate linearly and may produce different outcomes depending on psychological empowerment and organizational context.

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