저성장기 대응 주택 정책의 변화와 과제: 디딤돌 대출 정책의 변화가 신혼 및 다자녀 가구에 미치는 영향을 중심으로

초록

This study investigates how policy changes in Korea’s government-supported mortgage program, the Didimdol Loan program, have influenced the composition of its beneficiaries. Focusing on newly-wed couples and multi-child households, this study analyzes two major policy shifts: the easing of income eligibility criteria in 2018 and the expansion of loan limits in 2022. Using loan-level data from a commercial bank, this study applies a difference- in-differences approach to evaluate changes in loan accessibility and volume before and after each policy implementation. Findings reveal that easing income requirements significantly increased loan uptake among both target groups, particularly by improving access in Seoul metropolitan area (excluding Seoul) and non-capital regions. In contrast, the increase in loan limits had a statistically significant impact only on multi-child households, with a limited effect on newly-weds. These results highlight the importance of a tailored policy design based on household characteristics. This study provides empirical evidence to support the refinement of mortgage assistance programs and offers policy recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of housing finance tools. This insight contributes to strengthening housing stability and formulating sustainable housing finance strategies that are responsive to demographic and social changes.

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