자오 위앤런(Yuen Ren Chao:1892~1982)의 음운 이론과 후속 학자 계보

초록

Yuen Ren Chao (1892~1982) is widely regarded as the father of modern Chinese linguistics. This article examines Chao’s phonological theories and points out what are still valid or invalid. Still valid are listed in (18), which includes (a) phonemic reconstruction of Old Chinese and Middle Chinese, (b) the five scale notation of tones, (c) tonal notation, (d) iambic pattern of stress, (e) non-phonemic alveolar palatals, (f) rounded [o] in ou and iou, and (g) different vowels in en [ən] and eng [ʌŋ]. Those may need modifications are listed in (19), which includes (a) the nature of phonemes, (b) Mandarin Romanization system mingled with tonal differences, (c) the neutral tone values, (d) the phonetic value of r as [ɹ] (e) retroflexion as the addition of a segment, (f) uo as [uɤ], and (g) the glides as vowels to form diphthongs or tripthongs. In addition, this article investigates YR Chao’s successors in Chinese phonology and demonstrates their academic achievements. Chao’s scholarship was succeeded in Wang Li (1900~1986) in the mainland China, who eventually founded the school of Chinese linguistics of Peking University. Wang Li’s scholarship, on the other hand, was succeeded in Dong Tonghe (1911~1963), who became the founder of Chinese linguistics at National Taiwan University. Some of Dong’s students at NTU earned their Ph. D’s from major universities in the U.S. and expanded their academic arena to the U.S. as well as Asia. Among many others, Pang-hsin Ting (1936~ ), Chin-chuan Cheng (1936~ ), and Margaret Mian Yan (1938~ ) are reviewed briefly in this article.

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