주택가격 불평등과 사회적 자본이 중년층의 계층이동 가능성 인식에 미치는 영향 – 서울시를 중심으로 -

초록

As housing assets have become a crucial factor in social mobility, housing prices significantly influence individuals’ economic and social statuses. Middle-aged individuals may perceive housing price inequality and respond to social mobility opportunities differently based on their life stage. This study aims to analyze both economic factors, such as housing price inequality, and non-economic factors, like social capital, to better understand middle-aged individuals’ perceptions of social mobility. The analysis reveals several key findings. First, middle-aged individuals tend to view the possibility of social mobility more positively as housing price inequality increases, in contrast to other age groups. This suggests that, as a generation capable of accumulating assets, they may see housing price inequality not as a barrier to social advancement but as an opportunity for asset growth and upward mobility. Second, factors such as structural, cognitive, and social capital positively influence middle-aged individuals’ perceptions of upward mobility. Third, housing characteristics also shape these perceptions. Specifically, those living in multi-family or multiplex housing tend to have a lower perception of mobility potential, while those in rental housing report a higher perception of it. Fourth, perceptions of the neighborhood environment impact the potential for upward mobility, although the effect can vary based on specific environmental factors. These findings indicate that the perception of upward mobility among middle-aged individuals is influenced by a range of factors, including assets and social capital. To effectively enhance this perception, well-designed policies that take into account life cycles, housing characteristics, and regional contexts are necessary.

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