『여씨춘추』의 군도로서 ‘무위’ 연구

초록

This paper examines the content and meaning of ‘Wuwei’ as the political principles of a monarch in 『Lüshi Chunqiu』. In 『Lüshi Chunqiu』, ‘Wuwei’ is the political principles that only the monarch follows and practices. ‘Wuwei’ as the political principles of a monarch means that the monarch conforms to his nature and keeps inner peace, and does not personally take the initiative to do anything, but supervises and observes. Since the monarch does not personally take action, he must effectively utilize his subjects who consider ‘Youwei’ as the political principles of a subject to realize the politics of ‘Wuwei’. A monarch who follows ‘Wuwei’ is required to have the competences of pursuing public interest, unifying national power and national opinion , caring for the people, and utilizing the strengths of others. A subject who practices ‘Youwei’ is required to have the attitudes of knowing his own abilities, following morality and justice, advising with the right words, considering the future generations and the public interest, in addition to competence to perform job duties, good character. both the monarch and his subjects are required to have the common attitude and mindset of working for the benefit of the people, not for their own benefit. And the monarch must know how to strengthen and maintain the power to reward and punish his subjects. In 『Lüshi Chunqiu』, the practice of ‘Wuwei’ as the political principles of a monarch begins with determining the positions of the monarch and his subjects. Next, the monarch determines the direction of state affairs and tasks in accordance with the state of the times, especially the public sentiment, and adjusts the positions and their corresponding duties so that they are mutually compatible. Finally, the monarch, who holds the power of reward and punishment, divides state affairs according to the abilities of his subjects, and then evaluates their job performance results according to their positions and holds them accountable. ‘Wuwei’ as the political principles of a monarch in 『Lüshi Chunqiu』refers to the art of governance in which a monarch who practices ‘Wuwei’ and a subject who practices ‘Youwei’ cooperate with each other to run the country in accordance with the will of the people for the benefit of the people. And In 『Lüshi Chunqiu』‘Wuwei’ as the political principles of a monarch, which encompasses the monarch's ‘Don't do the work yourself’ and 'Supervising and watching' and the subject's 'Youwei', is a method of governing that combines both passive and active aspects.

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