3․1독립선언서 인쇄과정과 판본의 검토

초록

This study reviewed the controversies over the printing date and the number of initial copies of the Korean Declaration of Independence in 1919 and the claims that there exist two editions of the declaration, namely the “Boseongsa edition” and “Sinmungwan edition”. The results can be summarized as follows. First, the Korean Declaration of Independence was only printed in 21,000 copies on the night of February 27, 1919. The Memoranda of Mugam, known to have been written by Yi Jong-il, contains a record saying that 10,000 copies were separately printed from February 20 to 25, but this is not reliable. It was the night of February 24 that Cheondoist and Christian groups decided to unite and develop the independence movement, and the list of 33 national leaders was completed from February 25 to 27; it is therefore hardly likely that the declaration including the list had been printed earlier than the dates. In fact, both Yi Jong-il, the president of Boseongsa, and his employee Kim Hong－gyu, who printed the declaration, said that 21,000 copies were printed on the night of February 27 during the trial. Jang Hyo- geun, the manager of Boseongsa’s printery, also wrote in his diary that they printed 21,000 copies on the night of the day. Thus, it seems clear that the declaration was printed in 21,000 copies on the date, not on earlier days. Second, the Korean Declaration of Independence does not exist in two editions, but only one edition typeset in Choi Nam-seon’s Sinmungwan and printed by Yi in Boseongsa, a Cheondoist printing house. O Su-yeol’s assertion about two editions of the declaration was grounded on Yi’s false statement made at the early stage of the trial:he said that he had received the manuscript from O Se-chang and typeset and printed it in Boseongsa. Yi intended to hide the fact that Choi Nam-seon had typeset the declaration in Sinmungwan and delivered the printing blocks to Boseongsa so that Yi would print the declaration, in order to spare Choi severe punishment. However, O Se-chang stated that he had not delivered the manuscript to Yi, and Choi Rin also testified that Choi Nam-seon had given the printing blocks made in Sinmungwan to Yi, who printed the declaration by using them. With this, Yi’s false statement lost its footing and he finally confessed the truth and denied his previous statement. Thus, it is not true that there is another edition of the declaration typeset and printed in Boseongsa by Yi using the manuscript that O Se-chang had brought to him. O Su-yeol insisted that the copy of the declaration that he had owned since its acquisition from Yi Byeong-heon was the Sinmungwan edition typeset by Choi Nam- seon. However, given that the declaration included in Yi Byeong-heon’s Unknown History of the March 1st Independence Movement and the one in O Su-yeol’s collection are almost identical in terms of word use (some words used differently from thos

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