조선왕릉의 풍수지리 기반의 입지특성 연구

초록

This study investigates the locational characteristics and auspicious site (myeongdang) configurations of twenty-four Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty, designated as UNESCO World Cultural Heritage sites. The analysis is grounded in the five geomantic evaluation principles (Jiri-ogyeol) of Korean geomancy (Korean Feng Shui) to explore their spatial logic and applicability to modern urban development. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining theoretical research, literature review, expert surveys, and field measurements. Results from the expert survey indicated that the Yongse Theory (Theory of Landform Configuration) and Hyeolse Theory (Theory of Energy Node) were the most significant determinants of the royal tombs’ siting. The major feng shui elements identified through weighted ranking analysis were Juryeong (main dragon ridge) for Yongse, Ipsu-dodu (entrance mound) for Hyeolse, Yongho-jangpung (embracing dragon-tiger form) for Sase (Theory of Surrounding Forms), Yongsu-baehap (harmony of water flow) for Suse (Theory of Water Flow), and 88-Hyangbeop (88 directional orientation system) for Hyangbeop (Theory of Orientation). As a result of the weighted ranking analysis, Yeongneung was ranked highest in the experts' rankings, and in the field survey, Yeongneung also took first place. The top five sites were located on gentle slopes of around 15 degrees, providing stable drainage and minimal erosion risk. These findings demonstrate that traditional geomantic criteria embody principles consistent with sustainable modern design—efficient land grading, flexible layout planning, and optimal visual orientation. The study highlights that site selection was historically intertwined with royal authority, suggesting a symbolic link between geomantic auspiciousness and sovereign power. Overall, the research contributes to understanding Joseon’s cultural landscape and offers valuable insight into integrating geomantic fundamentals useful for sustainable urban planning and development.

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