국제합작투자에서 파트너 간 지식 비대칭성과 제휴 학습 성과와의 관계에 대한 연구

초록

International joint venture is a strategic organization form which intrinsically includes competition and cooperation between partners and there always exists the risk of opportunistic behavior in the process of alliance implementation. The Imbalance of power between partners, asymmetry, is a major factor that affects the risk of opportunism and the alliance performance. Asymmetries between partners in alliances have been discussed from a structural point of view so far. However, when we look at international joint ventures in a learning perspective, knowledge asymmetry essentially exists in alliances although they have symmetric structures. Hence, we introduce the concept of knowledge asymmetry and classify it into three different types such as general knowledge asymmetry, specific knowledge asymmetry, and knowledge processing system asymmetry according to characteristics of core knowledge by the implementation phase of inter-organizational learning. In addition, the impact of each type asymmetry on learning performance was empirically analyzed. According to the results, the effects of knowledge asymmetries on learning performance were found to be different by their types. In terms of general knowledge asymmetry, the more general understanding of an alliance field and the more symmetric relationship between partners assure higher performance in inter-organizational learning, while the asymmetry of particular knowledge specific to alliance was found to be a factor for promoting learning outcomes. However, the specific knowledge asymmetry have a positive impact on learning performance only when the technology capability gap between partners are narrow. Finally, the relationship between asymmetry of knowledge processing system and performance showed inverted U shape.

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