일본 동방협회의 조선사정 조사활동과 조선인식

초록

In this research paper I tried to examine the details that "Tohogyokai"investigated the situation in Korea and disclose its discourse formation to realize Asianism. "Tohogyokai" was interested in Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia and the South Seas as well as Korea and researched these areas. As "Tohogyokai" was an Asianism propaganda organization which influenced modern Japanese people's formation of recognition on Korea and all influential Japanese including the figures in political and official circles and civilian intellectuals were interested in Korean affairs, I came to pay attention to it. "Tohogyokai" thought that Japanese expansionist policy would be needed to exclude Powers of interference from China and Korea, and expressed that it would like to take charge of a leading role for this. Whenever important events occurred like the Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese annexation of Korea and so on, it exercised its influence on the Japanese government to make its foreign policy proceed towards expansionism. Its members included the resident-general of Korea, the governor-general of Korea, government officials of the government-general of Korea, advisers to the government-general, the Japanese minister to Korea and others who had exercised their influence with regards to Korean politics and foreign policy. Its main activities included a bull session, investigator dispatch and survey, expansion of educational work, formation of China survey team, publication,making a recommendation on current issues of diplomatic relations to the government, and others. Its research activities are as follows; Firstly, spying on soldiers' movement. Preparing for the Japanese army's landing in Korea and conduct of war, it surveyed the main ports in Korea. It payed attention to the bay of Jinhae, Masan inlet, the bay of Youngheung and Incheon harbor. Secondly, investigation into diplomats and journalists. Worrying about the way Korea had still to go which was observed by China and Russia, it observed Koreans' living conditions, rice yield and commerce. Thirdly, investigation into commerce. It observed Chinese commercial power which penetrated open ports and inland areas, trade information after the Sino-Japanese War, Busan harbor, agricultural improvement, Korean market strategy. Fourthly, a geological survey. In order to conduct the Sino-Japanese War, it made an investigation into mineral resources and geological features in Korea and observed the bay of Jinhae, Geoje island, the Dooman river, the Yalu river and the Gando area. The members of "Tohogyokai" understood Korea as follows; Firstly, as Chinese theory that Korea was subject to China is wrong, Japan has to protect Korea and play the role of the leader in the Orient. Secondly, Korea is geopolitically important to Japan, Japan has to be wary of southward advance of Russia. Thirdly, Japan moves forward with the management of Korea after the Russo-Japanese War, and then invades Manchuria and administers it. Connecting transportation facilities of the borderland of Manchuria and Korea,Japan promotes the development of its northeastern provinces.

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