생활인구에 기반한 산촌 지역 유형화: 산촌 고비중 기초자치단체를 대상으로

초록

This study diagnoses the crisis of mountainous area at high risk of extinction, classifies mountainous area based on service population, and analyzes the seasonality and financial/economic characteristics of the service population by cluster. The research subjects are municipalities with a mountain village proportion of 60% or more among population-declining municipalities. The crisis of mountainous area is analyzed using a mean difference test between mountain villages and non-mountain villages, cluster analysis is used to categorize mountainous areas, and the seasonality and financial･ economic characteristics of the service population by cluster were analyzed using descriptive statistics. First, the mean difference test shows that mountainous areas experience an outflow of young people due to weak economic foundation, rapid aging, and population decline, putting them at greater risk of extinction than non-mountainous areas. Second, cluster analysis classifies mountainous areas into three clusters. Firstly, Cluster 1 is a residential area-centered type and needs a relationship-building strategy that expands daily consumption and helps the local economy. Next, Cluster 2 is a wide-area short-term tourism type and needs a strategy to sustain high-intensity consumption and ensure reinvestment. Lastly, Cluster 3 is a purpose-based residence type and needs a strategy to strengthen the settlement base by utilizing relational capital. While mountainous areas share similar natural, social, and cultural environments, they differ in their populations’ visitation patterns and residence patterns. These results suggest the need for customized mountainous areas revitalization policies tailored to each service population type.

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