도시 녹지 환경이 거주민의 신체․정신 건강에 미치는 파급효과† - 서울시 가로보행환경 이미지 빅데이터 및 딥러닝 모델을 활용한 사회적 자본의 매개효과 탐구 -

초록

In response to rapid urban environmental changes, such as impacts due to climate change and an aging society, the paradigm of healthy cities has been spreading globally. In this vein, many cities have emphasized the integration of residential, commercial, and green spaces to create self-sufficient living areas based on the concept of walkable environments. In spatial restructuring through urban renewal and regeneration projects, the role of open spaces and green areas has been consistently emphasized to enhance residents’ social capital. While numerous studies have explored the relationship between green spaces and individual health, there has been limited attention to the structural relationship of how various types of urban green spaces influence health outcomes, particularly when mediated by individual social capital. This study addresses this gap by conducting an empirical analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on an online survey of 1,000 residents in Seoul, South Korea. To account for multifaceted urban green environments, this study employed traditional green space metrics, such as NDVI and park accessibility, alongside street greenery measured using Seoul’s streetscape big data and a deep learning-based HRNetV2-W48 model. Our results show that social capital plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between street greenery and individual physical and mental health. In particular, street greenery had positive indirect effects on both physical and mental health through increased social capital. While street greenery had positive direct effects on residents’ physical health, the accessibility of life zone park had positive direct effects on mental health. This study demonstrates that various urban green environments have heterogeneous impacts on health, suggesting that different configurations of urban green spaces within neighborhoods can provide distinct health benefits.

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