야마가타 아리토모(山縣有朋)와 메이지(明治) 국가 건설

초록

This paper examines the role that Yamagata Aritomo played in the building of Meiji state by analyzing various policies he led from the establishment of the Meiji government to 188990. He contributed to the centralization of the new government by organizing an imperial army directly belonging to the government(Goshinpei) and unifying military systems in the country, and also tried to build a national army and a nationstate by introducing a system of universal conscription. Next, he insisted on gradually establishing a constitution and opening a parliament under the superiority of the government to the latter amid Movement for Freedom and Popular Rights. And after the decision to open a parliament, he designed a local autonomy system as a countermeasure to separate local and central politics but to strengthen human links between them. Finally, he directly linked the emperor with soldiers and the nation without passing through a parliament by enacting the Imperial Precepts to the Soldiers and Sailors(Gunjinchokuyu) and the Imperial Rescript on Education(Kyōikuchokugo). Also, through the examination above, this paper was able to make the position clear of the military, the nation, and the emperor in the state he had pursued and built.

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