언론중재법 개정안에 대한 보도 경향과 프레임 분석 - 알권리의 관점을 중심으로 -

초록

In 2021, one of the ways to solve problems such as low trust in the media and fake news was a revision to the Press Arbitration Act. Contrary to the intention to strengthen the effectiveness of the damage relief, the debate over freedom of speech intensified, and sharp conflicts arose among political forces and various interests. Unnoticed provisions occurred in the argument, and discussions on the revision of the Press Arbitration Act disappeared as the activities of the special committee in the National Assembly, ended. This study first examined the history of the revision of the Press Arbitration Act and the contents and issues of its revision in 2021 to confirm how the conflict over the Act’s revision developed. In addition, we tried to analyze in-depth how the media, which guarantees the people’s right to know, mediates conflicts and delivers various perspectives and articles on the revision of the Press Arbitration Act through frame analysis. To this end, from August 18, 2021, to May 29, 2022, the reporting frame was analyzed through major media companies such as “The Chosun Ilbo,” “The Dong-A Ilbo,” “The Kyunghyang Shinmun,” and “Hankyoreh.” The result of the study finds that “The Chosun Ilbo,” “The Dong-A Ilbo,” “The Kyunghyang Shinmun,” and “Hankyoreh” all recorded the largest number of articles in the first period (August 18, 2021, to September 27, 2021), most of which were straight articles. Through this result, it was confirmed that the depth of the article was weak and relatively fragmented. In addition, all four presses reported the most negative tone. As a result, it can be confirmed that various opinions on the amendment to the Press Arbitration Act revision were not delivered. The sources used in the articles revealed that all four presses use political parties (57.3%). Through this, it can be confirmed that the people’s right to know was not guaranteed because they could not provide various opinions and views from multiple perspectives other than political conflicts or articles related to protests from presses and civic organizations. In the case of News Framing, “The Chosun Ilbo,” “The Dong-A Ilbo,” “The Kyunghyang Shinmun,” and “Hankyoreh” all accounted for the most significant proportion of articles on the unconstitutionality-emphasizing frame and dealt with the background frame the least, indicating that discussions on the Press Arbitration Act revision were insufficient. Although some presses have made efforts to guarantee the people’s right to know by presenting various views and opinions, they have still been showing a tendency to divert readers’ attention in specific directions, such as focusing on political conflicts or reporting centered on counterprotesting. In the face of political confrontation over the revision of the Press Arbitration Act, the media should constantly pay attention to the contents of the revision that have gone unnoticed in the conflict and report on its background, purpose, and solution. In addition, it is necessary to report in several ways so that in-depth discussions can be made, as well as straight articles that convey only fragmentary facts.

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