부모의 사회경제적 지위(SES)와 유아 이용기관 선택

초록

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of parents’ socioeconomic status on the selection of early childhood education institutions. A final analysis was conducted using a sample of 1,661 households with children aged 3 to 5 years from the 2018 National Childcare Status Survey. Independent variables included indicators of parents’ socioeconomic status: education levels, employment status, and household income. Household factors encompassed parents’ age, children’s age, the total number of children in the household, and grandparents’ co-residence. Institutional factors included variables such as the average commuting time to the institution and the children’s attendance hours. A binary logistic regression analysis was initially conducted for a binary dependent variable that indicated the type of institution that children attended: daycare centers and kindergartens. The types of daycare centers and kindergartens were further grouped into four categories: public daycare centers (including corporate-sponsored and company-sponsored types), private daycare centers (including home-based types), public kindergartens, and private kindergartens. Multinomial logistic regression was employed for this four-category dependent variable. The results confirmed that factors within parental socioeconomic status, particularly mothers’ education levels, employment status, and household income, were significantly associated with the selection of early childhood education institutions for children. Drawing on these findings, the study proposes policy implications for the integration of early childhood education and childcare.

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