노란우산공제 발전 과정에 관한 경영사적 연구: 가입자 행태에 미치는 영향을 중심으로

초록

The Yellow Umbrella Mutual Aid Program, established in 2007 under Article 115(1) of the Small and Medium Enterprise Cooperatives Act and operated by the Korea Federation of SMEs, is a public scheme designed to protect small business owners and the self-employed from business closure and old-age risks. Using time-series data from 2008 to 2024, this study empirically analyzes the program’s development and the effects of the base rate policy on participant behavior. The system’s evolution is classified into introduction, growth, and maturity stages and compared with similar programs in Japan, the United States, and Europe. Results show that the year variable explains the long-term increase in participants, while higher base rates discouraged new enrollments. In the maturity stage, rate hikes also raised withdrawals, highlighting the need for competitiveness and effective management. During the growth stage, government support and a low-rate environment weakened rate sensitivity. Japan secured stability and profitability through dual-rate structures, the U.S. SBA improved financial access via loan guarantees, and European mutual aid systems enhanced appeal through integrated welfare and consulting services. These findings suggest that sustainable growth requires not only rate policy but also improved transparency, service diversification, and stronger government fiscal support.

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