취약한 주거환경의 개선이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향: 주거 스트레스와 집단효능감의 병렬 매개효과 및지각된 가치의 조절된 매개효과를 중심으로

초록

The problem of deteriorated and hazardous housing environments has emerged as a structural social issue that extends beyond individual inconvenience, exacerbating disparities in health and quality of life. Consequently, policy interventions through housing environment improvement programs have gained prominence as a key response strategy in public policy and social innovation. However, structural explanations of the mechanisms through which such interventions translate into improvements in residents’ quality of life remain limited. This study draws on Dwelling Stress Theory and Collective Efficacy Theory to statistically verify the structural pathways through which housing environment improvement leads to enhanced quality of life via reductions in dwelling stress and increases in collective efficacy. It further explores whether beneficiaries’ perceived value of the intervention moderates these pathways through a moderated mediation framework. Survey data were collected in 2025 from 104 participants (79 beneficiaries and 25 comparison group) of a housing environment improvement project implemented by a district-level local government in Seoul, and parallel and moderated mediation models were estimated using the PROCESS macro. The results indicate that housing environment improvement had a significant positive effect on quality of life, with both dwelling stress reduction and collective efficacy enhancement confirmed as partial mediators. Notably, the indirect pathway through collective efficacy was relatively larger than that through dwelling stress. In the moderated mediation analysis, it was observed that the effect of housing stress reduction on quality of life was conditional upon the level of perceived value; specifically, this effect tended to weaken at higher levels of perceived value. In contrast, a fully supported moderated mediation effect through the collective efficacy pathway was not statistically confirmed. This study empirically demonstrates that the effects of housing environment improvement operate through a multi-layered mechanism encompassing both individual-level psychological stress reduction and community-level enhancement of perceived collective capacity. The findings suggest that housing welfare policies should move beyond a sole focus on physical improvements to integrate beneficiaries’ value perceptions and social relational dynamics into more comprehensive and context-sensitive intervention designs.

키워드