우리나라 ODA의 지속가능성과 지역 효과에 관한 연구: 아프리카 vs. 비(非)아프리카

초록

ODA is designed to expand the economic growth of recipient countries while reconstructing industry infrastructure of any awarded country. Korea has grown to be one of DAC committee members in OECD, which are now aggressively supporting global aids to less developed countries. This paper explores two main issues. First, based upon Korea’s ODA records, it is tackled if they have contributed to the economic wealth of recipient countries. Second, a fundamental issue, associated with the contribution of Korea’s ODAs to recipient countries, is if such contribution is marginally decreasing or not. In order to analyze the two issues, a mechanism design is constructed by adapting a utility function. It demonstrates that, first, ODA can obviously enhance the economic growth of recipient countries. Also, its effect turns out to be marginally decreasing one. Interestingly, the effect can vary in different regions as transaction costs are different across national borders. The theoretic model suggests that the higher the transaction cost of a recipient country is, the higher the ODA’s contribution to the economic wealth of the country will be. Revoking that the economic size of African region, embedded with social inefficiency originating from the lack in infrastructure, education, and stable political system, is relatively smaller than other regions, African ODA recipients are expected to enjoy relatively higher degree of Korea-oriented-ODAs’ contributions to their economy. The empirical results of the paper exactly support the predictions of the theoretic model.

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