수도권 지역 장시간 통근통행 영향요인 분석

초록

This study aims to establish criteria for long-time commuting in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) of Korea and analyze the changes in the factors influencing this trend, with the goal of deriving policy implications to reduce such commutes. In the SMA, long-time commuting has increased due to the expansion of commuting zones, which is driven by large-scale housing development and the enhancement of transportation infrastructure. However, research specifically addressing long-time commuting and its determinants remains limited. Additionally, the definition and outcomes of long-time commuting vary depending on the study area, as well as demographic, social, economic, and cultural contexts. Using data from the 2010 Household Commuting Survey and the 2021 Individual Commuting Survey, this study identifies long-time commuting using a Gaussian Mixture Model and investigates its influencing factors through multilevel logistic regression analysis. The results show that the threshold defining long-time commuting increased by approximately five minutes between 2010 and 2021, alongside a rise in the number of long-time commuters. The likelihood of long-time commuting was higher among individuals aged 20-39, men, and high-income earners. Additionally, housing costs and public transportation were found to significantly influence commuting patterns. This study presents a clear criterion for long-time commuting, analyzing its determinants, and highlighting temporal changes, thereby contributing meaningful policy insights for reducing long commutes in the SMA.

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