사용자 참여중심 디자인 패러다임 연구 -참여적 디자인, 공동창조, 리빙 랩, 오픈 디자인을 중심으로-

초록

New design approaches are appearing in order to meet user needs which becomes more diverse and complicated today. They promote participation of end-users in a design process. Designers are proving the usefulness of the new design approaches such as Participatory Design, Co-Creation, Living Lab, and Open Design in a various fields of policy, business, social issues. However, we do not fully understand the concept and mutual relation of the new design approaches so this study researches definition and features through literature review and the case studies. As a result, this study found that participatory approaches such as Participatory Design, Co-creation, Living Lab, Open Design can be distinct from user-centered design, recognizing user as subject. Thus, this study categorizes user-centered design in ‘passive participation stage’. In Participatory Design, the concept of ‘user participation’ was started and in Co-Creation and Liviing Lab, the role of users was expanded as ‘partner’ cooperating with a producer. Co-Creation was started in a point of view of business whereas Living Lab emphasis on social issues. Participatory Design, Co-Creation, and Living Lab can be categorized in ‘active participation stage’ as users are perceived as a partner. Lastly, in Open Design, a user is perceived as ‘creator’ and this study categorizes Open Design in ‘open stage’. In open stage, the role of designers and users is not divided and an end user can create a product at any time and any places when they want. And users can suggest social problems and solve them by themselves based on the progress of ICT. This study can be an advanced research that suggests the role of designer with understanding the change of the role of users in design.

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