내부회계관리제도 조직 및 인력에 관한 현황 분석과 그 정책적 함의

초록

[Purpose] This study investigates the current status of the organization and manpower of internal control over financial reporting (hereafter, IFRS) by the size of listed companies in Korea based on the publicly available data in the annual report. Specifically, we investigate the size of ICFR operating organization, the number of certified public accountants (hereafter, CPA), the careers and educational performance of the accountants by the firm’s asset size. Through the analysis, we propose a policy implication about ICFR audit system. [Methodology] This study uses 2,205 listed firm samples (2,112 firm samples about data of careers and education) and newly available disclosure data at 2018. We classified sample by firm size, and performed univariate mean analysis in characteristics of the organization and manpower of ICFR. [Findings] We found the difference in the total number of personnel of ICFR, the number of CPAs, whether or not to register with the relevant organization, and the number of years worked by firm size. In particular, firms with total assets of less than 100 billion won were significantly lower in the number of ICFR operating personnel, the number and ratio of CPAs, and average careers of accountants. In addition, the smaller the firm size, the higher the ratio of the number of ICFR employees to the total number of employees, and the lower the financial performance per employee in ICFR. [Policy Implications] This study has a contribution that empirically presents the status of preparation of domestic listed companies, which are currently applying the ICFR audit system in stages, based on the publicly disclosed data in annual report. In particular, the differences in operating organization and manpower and their experience depending on the size of the company suggest that there are important obstacles in preparing for ICFR audit of small and medium－sized companies. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that the policy consideration of the supervisory authority for small and medium－sized companies in the future is necessary.

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