수암 권상하 문하의심성 논쟁과 호학의 형성

초록

The purpose of this paper is to examine the philosophical debates between the disciples of Kwon Sangha(權尙夏) in the early 18th century and to identify how mainstream thoughts of Kwon Sangha's School are formed in the process of the disputes. His many disciples, including Han Wonjin(韓元震) and Yi Gan(李柬), gave different opinions on the human mind and the nature of all things. At first the debates began as a free discussion among the disciples, but soon they each tried to be acknowledged by their teacher, Kwon Sangha, that his own theory was correct. As a result, the teacher opposed the opinions of Yi Gan and supported the views of Han Wonjin. Since then, most scholars in the Kwon Sangha school have followed Han Wonjin’s arguments at the will of the teacher. Regarding this rigid academic climate, Yi Gan complained that there should be a free discussion even between the teacher and the students. However, Han Wonjin’s argument, supported by the teacher, was widely recognized among Chungcheong local scholars. As a result, Hohak(湖學), which means the learning of Chungcheong area scholars, was established. Since then, Hohak has maintained its identity, arguing fiercely with Nakhak(洛學), which is the learning of Seoul and its surrounding areas. The two core theories of Hohak are summarized as follows. First, the potential of good and evil exists in the mind even when the mind is not working. Second, Since things do not have all five moral natures, the nature of things is different from the human nature.

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