세종시 기능적 영향권의 시·공간적 변화 패턴과 영향요인 분석

초록

This study examines the differential spatio-temporal effects associated with establishment of Sejong City on its surrounding areas from the perspective of Growth Pole Theory. This theory posits that a growth pole can simultaneously generate 'spread effects' and 'backwash effects' on its periphery. Since its launch in 2012, Sejong City has experienced rapid growth driven by the relocation of central government agencies, inducing significant changes in the population and industrial structures of surrounding areas. Accordingly, this research assesses the sustainability of new city development under the growth pole model by analyzing the spatio-temporal patterns of change within Sejong City and its functional region. Methodologically, the study first defines the functional region using population migration and Origin-Destination (O-D) travel data. It then employs a Space-Time Cube to identify spatio-temporal patterns of change in population and employment. Finally, fixed-effects models are estimated, controlling for municipality-specific heterogeneity, to analyze factors associated with these patterns. The analysis reveals a clear divergence in the spatial drivers of population growth and employment growth. Population growth patterns were primarily explained by local endogenous factors, such as proximity to new development sites and the ratio of deteriorated housing, while regional accessibility showed no significant effect. Conversely, employment growth patterns were primarily driven by regional network factors (specifically accessibility to KTX stations and distance to Sejong City) along with structural factors (like the existing manufacturing base and aging levels). Notably, the importance of the KTX axis, rather than the traditional Gyeongbu axis, was highlighted for employment growth. The significance of this study lies in its identification of these differentiated growth mechanisms within the functional region, providing empirical evidence on how the effects of a growth pole interact complexly with local characteristics and regional network structures. These findings provide an empirical basis for policies on balanced national development and regional co-existence. Furthermore, they offer significant implications for future urban planning, highlighting the need to simultaneously manage both the positive impacts and adverse side effects of growth pole strategies

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