‘메이크 인 인디아’ 정책과 인도-러시아 방위산업 협력

초록

The purpose of this paper is to examine the development, achievements, and limitations of defense cooperation between India and Russia during the post-Cold War era, and to analyze the geostrategic implications of defense cooperation between the two countries revitalized in the 21st century. The case study focused on the BrahMos Cruise Missile and the Kamov Ka-226T helicopter, the first joint venture project under the ‘Make in India’ initiative. In the case of BrahMos, the synergies of the Indo-Russian joint production have positively influenced the R&D of weapon systems in both technology provider and recipient country. Overall, this successful joint production experience can be inferred as a favorable factor for Russia selected as a joint production partner for the acquisition of light multirole helicopters by the Indian Air Force and Army. The joint production of Ka-226T is being delayed in final ordering. This issue will soon be resolved through the readjustment of the parties on the extent of technology transfers and the price, and the qualifications and conditions for bidding on the new helicopters for Indian navy. The following factors were identified as driving factors for reactivation of Indo-Russian defense cooperation in the changing milieu of international power configuration. First, it has been a path-dependent factor in the acquisition and operation of the weapons system in India. Second, it has been the expectation on military technology transfer (India’s position) and the synergy effect of the military-technology cooperation (two countries’ common position). Third, both countries have shared geostrategic interests in power relations at the global/regional levels. The case of BrahMos and Ka-226T have served as a major link between the two countries, ensuring that the ties of the strategic partnership are not broken.

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