왜 미디어는 기독교를 부정적으로 재현하는가?: <할렐루야>(1997), <밀양>(2007), <더 글로리>(2022)를 중심으로

초록

This study analyzes the representation of Christianity through popular media in Korean society from the 1990s to the 2020s, and examines the changes in social perceptions and structure of feelings of Christianity. Prior to the 1990s, Christianity was mythologized as a symbol of social progress and high ethical standards. However, this positive perception cracked under the process of economic growth and democratization, and then negative discourses were formed as a result of secularization and political coalitions, and this shift was manifested through the media. We chose the movie <Hallelujah>(1997), the movie <Secret Sunshune>(2007), and the Netflix drama <The Glory>(2022) to analyze, and connected them to the discourse in newspaper editorials about Christianity in each era. In particular, based on Raymond Williams’ concept of “structure of feeling” and Michel Foucault’s concept of “power/knowledge” and “discourse”, this study explores the process of media reflecting and reconstructing structure of feeling and social discourse. In the 1990s, <Hallelujah> showed that Christianity was not directly criticized but was caricatured and its positive image began to crack, and the public began to express disappointment with Christians in the wake of the corruption scandals involving high-ranking Christian officials. In the 2000s, direct criticism of Christianity was represented in <Secret Sunshine>, and negative discourses such as evangelism lack of empathy, alliance with political power, and corruption in mega-churches were highlighted, deepening negative perceptions of Christianity in society. In <The Glory>, which was selected as representative of the 2010s and 2020s, Christians were portrayed as the epitome of evil, and Christianity became a symbol of secularism and hypocrisy, which was amplified by the selfish behavior of some Christians during COVID-19. By analyzing the media representations and their interaction with social discourse during these periods, this study aims to provide an integrated understanding of the process of perception changes related to Christianity in Korean society.

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