유라시아 국가의 권위주의와 경제발전: 민주화와 경제성장 간의 관계를 중심으로

초록

The purpose of this study, covering 12 Eurasian countries, is to analyze the corelation between economic growth and several factors regarded as influencing to the growth since the start of transition, especially focused on the relation between democracy and economic growth. In this paper, Eurasian countries are to be classified as several groups according to their initial conditions, transition strategies, degrees of progress in economic reform, and the levels of democratization. And for analytical purposes, it is necessary to subdivide the period from 1991 to 2008 into four subperiods: 1991–1995, 1996–2000, 2001–2005, and 2006–2008. Assessing the relation between economic growth and the level of democracy in Eurasian countries, we can find obviously distinguishing pictures along with each level of democracy. In case of Eurasian region, Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova, assessed to be mostly progressed in democracy, belong to a group of showing lowest level of growth; Kazakhstan, Belarus, and Uzbekistan, judged to be mostly delayed in democracy, included in a group of representing highest growth countries. Notwithstanding it would be limited in Eurasian region, these can suggest as a evidence of indicating trade-offs between democracy and economic growth in the period of transition and development. These findings give rise to a difficult problem whether to accept the sacrifice of democracy for the purpose of economic growth, and how much and how long. Furthermore, this trade-off can be a cruel dilemma in transition economies, given the proposition that democracy in itself is one of the main objects in transition and development.

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