韓語母語者學習漢語的優勢與劣勢

초록

This article presents the advantages and disadvantages that native speakers of Korean mayencounter when they learn Mandarin. It will discuss the similarities and dissimilarities between MandarinChinese and Korean in terms of the writing system, lexicon, phonology, typology, and cognition fromcomparative and contrastive linguistics perspectives. This article will make the following points: (a)Although Chinese characters are still part of the modern Korean writing system, the simplified Chinesecharacters are not easy for Koreans to learn because Korean uses traditional characters and they are onlytaught as an elective course in secondary schools; (b) the number of identical vocabulary words in Koreanand Mandarin is not large even though Chinese-based words comprise a large portion of the Korean lexicon,(c) Sino-Korean pronunciations are mainly based upon Middle Chinese, so although Korean learners canguess the pronunciations of some Mandarin words, others are quite different due to divergent languagechange in Korean and Mandarin, (d) the typological similarities between Korean and Chinese a approximately 30%, but the similarity rate of word order can be as high as 60% if frequency is taken intoaccount, and (e) both Korean and Mandarin are similar in terms of placing a larger unit before a smallerone, while they differ in the Principle of Temporal Sequence. It is recommended that Mandarin instructorsencourage Korean learners to make the best use of the similarities between the two languages, which maytrigger a positive transfer, and to pay more attention to the dissimilarities, which may trigger a negativetransfer

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