기술 기반 재활 훈련이 척수손상 환자의 보행, 균형 및 근력에 미치는 효과: 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석

초록

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT), virtual reality (VR), and combined interventions on muscle strength, gait, and balance in patients with spinal cord injury. A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science up to September 30, 2025, identified randomized controlled trials comparing these interventions with conventional rehabilitation. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two researchers, and effect sizes were synthesized using a random-effects model. A total of 27 studies were included. Technology-based rehabilitation significantly improved muscle strength (SMD = 0.20, p = .006, I² = 0%), whereas no significant overall effects were found for gait (SMD = 0.15, p = .295), static balance (SMD = 0.29, p = .069), or dynamic balance (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI = −0.21 to 0.81). In subgroup analyses, VR significantly improved dynamic balance (SMD = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.95), while combined interventions showed a relatively large effect on muscle strength (SMD = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.07 to 1.49). However, this finding was based on few studies and should be interpreted cautiously. These findings suggest that technology-based rehabilitation may benefit muscle strength, while effects on gait and balance vary by outcome and intervention type.

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