수도권 1·2기 신도시와 주변지역의 중심성·자족성 변화 분석

초록

Seoul metropolitan new towns were rapidly developed to address the severe housing shortage in Seoul. Initially, these towns were criticized for lacking self-sufficiency and concerns of becoming mere “bed towns.” Hence, urban planners emphasized creating self-sufficient cities and intercity networks connected to surrounding areas. This study analyzes the centrality and self-sufficiency of the first and second new towns from 2002 to 2016 using household traffic survey data. The findings show that most new towns increased their centrality and self-sufficiency over time, thereby reducing their dependence on Seoul. The second new towns positively affected both the first new towns and nearby areas, thus improving centrality and self-sufficiency. For instance, Pangyo’s surrounding areas, which feature high centrality and self-sufficiency, contributed to Pangyo’s rapid growth in both aspects. Conversely, Unjeong’s surrounding areas, which resemble a monocentric city, resulted in lower centrality for Unjeong. This study highlights the dynamic relationship between centrality and self-sufficiency in new towns and offers insights for future urban planning and policy, with emphasis on sustainable and balanced development for new and surrounding cities.

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