종교와 세속의 불편한 조우- 중국 흥교사 사건에서 발견한 문화정책적 시사점

초록

The purpose of this paper is to analyze public conflict regarding the Xingjiaosi temple case in China and to find implications for cultural policy. The city government of Xi’an proposed a list of various Silk Road sites for nomination of the UNESCO World Heritage. When it was announced that the Xingjiaosi temple was included in that list, the monks welcomed the plan. The main goal of the Xi’an government was to turn the Xingjiaosi temple into a newly renovated tourist attraction. For that purpose, the government announced a plan to demolish some buildings and facilities including the houses for the monks except for three towers that have the true historical value in the temple. This ignited a serious conflict between the government and the buddhist monks. Against the government’s utilitarian frame, the Xingjiaosi monks constructed an opposing frame that emphasized the ‘protected value’, i.e. the freedom of religion and the protection of their legitimate legal rights. As the conflict spreaded all over the country, the protected value frame of the monks gained far more support than the government’s utilitarian frame that focused on material interests. Facing the increasing social pressure against the demolition of some buildings in the Xingjiaosi temple, the Xi’an government finally gave up its original plan. This case study suggests that sufficient attention should be given to make sure that spiritual values are not damaged by pursuing material goals in making and implementing cultural policy.

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