A Novel Mechanism of PPAR gamma Regulation of TGF beta 1: Implication in Cancer Biology

초록

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma) and retinoic acid X-receptor ( RXR) heterodimer, which regulates cell growth and differentiation, represses the TGF beta 1 gene that encodes for the protein involved in cancer biology. This review will introduce the novel mechanism associated with the inhibition of the TGF beta 1 gene by PPAR gamma activation, which regulates the dephosphorylation of Zf9 transcription factor. Pharmacological manipulation of TGF beta 1 by PPAR gamma activators can be applied for treating TGF beta 1-induced pathophysiologic disorders such as cancer metastasis and fibrosis. In this article, we will discuss the opposing effects of TGF beta on tumor growth and metastasis, and address the signaling pathways regulated by PPAR gamma for tumor progression and suppression.

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