유니버설(Universal)과 어포던스(Affordance)관점에서 지하철 진입시설 디자인 연구 - 노인 행동 지원성 중심으로 -

초록

(Background and Purpose) With the development of cities, special designs that consider the needs of the elderly can be easily found in public spaces. Old people constitute an important part of our society, and their living conditions, good or bad, reflect the development level of a country. In Korea, the ratio of people aged 65 or older reached 7.2% in 2000, which is expected to reach 14.3% in the coming year to become an "aged society" in 2017 and reach 20.8% in 2026. After 2020, the elderly population will grow rapidly, accounting for more than one-third of the entire population by 2050. Urban subway facilities are an important part of urban air traffic, and in addition to meeting basic functionality, they should consider the needs of the underprivileged and special classes. The current design does not fully take into account the psychological sensibilities of older people, so a truly rational design should eliminate this discrimination and achieve equality. The purpose of the study is to theoretically consider the concept of a universal and environment-friendly design for the elderly, and to analyze the cases of improving subway entry facilities for the convenience of elderly people, thus presenting a room for the future elderly to foster happy living and psychological environment. (Method) First, the theory of a universal design and apposance design was established through a literature survey of previous research. Second, through empirical investigation, four or more transit lines among the subway transit stations currently in use on the market (Wangsimni, Cheongryangni, Chuncheon Line, Gongdeok) were analyzed for problems and user demands. This was done by analyzing the user's personality on the entry facilities of Wangsimni Subway Station. Moreover, the subway facility design improvement plan is evaluated by applying the process of persona building after observing the behavior characteristics of the elderly and establishing a checklist with the Universal Design and Appliances Design Guidelines for the design of subway facilities. (Results) The elderly preferred to use wheelchairs in order of their behavior, and functional support> accessibility> safety> water-soluble order by nature. The results of the application design persona or analysis were preferred by the order of healthy old people> behaving uncomfortable senior citizens> wheelchair-bound senior citizens and functional feedback> pharmacy> visibility> response by characteristic. Through the interview, the level of satisfaction in the entry facility was derived in the order of escalators, fireplace elevators, stairs, and wheelchairs. (Conclusions) To create a better process of mutual exchange, the purpose of the design needs to be achieved by understanding the behavioral characteristics of the elderly, studying the characteristics of the body and mind of the elderly, and fully considering people in the design process.

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