1920년대 보통학교 학생들의 교원 배척 동맹휴학

초록

In colonized Joseon, and between 1921 and 1928, total of 802 ‘unified students strikes’ occurred, with 342 strikes breaking out in elementary schools and 460 of them inside middle schools and beyond. When we examine the elementary school strikes, we can see 53.5% of them occurred while boycotting teachers, when 13.4% of them demanded bettering school environments and 11.4% of them criticized strict instructions and school rules. Strikes caused by philosophical or ideological reasons only occupied 2.6% of them. In other words, more than half of the elementary school strikes occurred because of the teachers. Analysis of reports on newspapers of the time reveal that there were several reasons for the teachers to be rejected. First, the teachers’ beating of students. Second, the teachers’ incompetence, unkindness, indifference and unfairness. Third, the teachers’ conducts unbecoming of an instructer. Fourth, their excessive punishments of students. Fifth, teachers’ not teaching the students of Joseon history or songs. And sixth, teachers or the super intendants’ discrimination of the Korean race. Among all, the most prominent reason that instigated strikes was the teachers’ beating or excessive punishment of the students. At the time, in the name of training them the teachers exacted various types of punishments. And many of these cases were caused by Japanese teachers more often than by Korean ones. Meanwhile, another prominent reason for rejecting teachers was their ‘lack of expertise’ as well as ‘defective characters.’ In other words, many of them had not teacher’s attributes, which was also a problem that was caused by the lack of the teacher raising system for General “Botong” schools at the time.

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