대한제국기 『帝國新聞』의 일본 인식

초록

The 『Jeguksinmun』 which was one of representative newspaper published by Korean in the period of Great Han Empire was published with Korean language and had reader classes of lower class and women. In contrast, the 『Hwangsungsinmun』 published to use Korean and Chinese characters in combination, and had reader classes of nobleman and Confucian scholars. The 『Jeguksinmun』 was published by Yoo Young-seok, Lee Jonh-il, Rhee Syng-man who took the lead in publishment of 『Maeilsinmun』. So, the 『Jeguksinmun』 is very important to grasp the awareness and sentiment to the international situation and enlightenment thought of the public. This paper aimed to examine the awareness to Japan of 『Jeguksinmun』 dividing 1900’s when was plagued with invasion of Japan and resistance of Korean nation into three parts, that is, 1.after the Sino-Japanese War, 2. before and after Russo-Japanese War, 3. before and after conclusion of Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905. The Japan won in Russo-Japanese War lastly established a bridgehead of pillage of Korea beating out the various of world powers which were obvious to struggle to rights and expansion of power in Korea. When Korea was under the relation of dynamics between world powers, the 『Jeguksinmun』 commented on these situation as follows. At first, the 『Jeguksinmun』 gave Koreans a strict warning that Korean would be in danger because of competition between Japan and Russia, regarding themselves as ‘pioneers of yellow race’. And it appealed to Koreans and officials for growing patriotism and facing a reality of the survival of the fittest based on the law of the jungle. Secondly, the 『Jeguksinmun』 blamed the pushing to Japanese invasion to Korea on incompetence of Korean government and argued that the inference of Japan in Korea was happened due to despair of Korean officials. Also, it pressed that it was unfortunate that the Korean government handed over the right to dealing in real estate, the right to track and mine and right to traveling vessels to Japan and emphasized that break down councilors to get out of interference in domestic affaires of Japan. It noticed that if the Siberian Railway would be completed, then Korea, strategic position of the East, would become so dangerous, and pressed to wake up for Korean government and officials. Thirdly, the tone of an argument of 『Jeguksinmun』 about Japan- Korea Treaty of 1905 was to press to wake up for the incompetence Korean government and officials and give appeal to training of capability. It criticized the Ilchinhoe as a group that sent Korea to its doom, and berated for ‘monster of selling his country’ to Lee Wan-yong. However, it developed prudential opinions, which was the breaking trough conventionalities, for the ways to overcome after treaty. The 『Jeguksinmun』 saw that Ito Hirobumi do not interfere in internal affairs of Korea. It argued that the way to recover the national rights is the theory of training ability rather than struggle of righteous army, so it saw that if we emphasized the women education and compulsory education and grow patriotism through education, we could overcome the pillage of Japan or Russia. In this way, the characters of awareness of 『Juguksinmun』 on the Japan are three. First, although the 『Juguksinmun』 had a good grip on invasion of imperialistic Japan, it emphasized that the way to protection of national right is the training of capability of nation rather than war of righteous army through war of righteous army. Secondly, the situation of Korean government resulted from incompetence and corruption of Korean officials, and deplore the reality that Korean officials transfer rights to foreign country predicting the dangerousness of Russo-Japanese War. Thirdly, a primary cause that Korea was in danger of life and death for nation was in within itself not invasion of Japan, so criticized the official and asked to reconsider. Moreover, the anger of the people that the management of Japan to Korea was responsible for Korean government came into view in press of 『Juguksinmun』.

키워드