‘서사의 귀환’과 역사의 거대한 전환

초록

Two myths were produced on the subject of history in the ‘heyday of the nation-state.’ One is that literature and history make up a completely different genre of humanities, which is the assumption that literature is based on fiction and that history has nothing to do with it. Until just a century ago, the historical memory that there were many ambiguous aspects of the distinction between the two categories disappeared completely. The other is the fact that in a strict sense, history produces knowledge based on historical facts, that is, in history, the historical assumption of ‘what if’ is simply unnecessary and meaningless. This is in fact an inevitable consequence of the binary opposing logic of fact versus fiction. This is because assumptions cannot intervene in the representation of facts. However in the ‘era of an outdated nation-state’, the myth that fiction is the exclusive property of literature and the groundless principle that ‘historical assumptions are taboo’ are collapsing on their own. One is due to history’s own need to stop the tightrope between science and literature, and the other is with the development of digital history, which has been advancing for a long time with the development of science and technology! In short, the use of fiction as a historical method and the development of computational history based on simulation techniques are bringing about a ‘revolutionary’ change in the form of narrative in history.

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