자유주의 국제질서의 균열과 러시아의 주권적 국제주의

초록

This article is aimed at forecasting the nature of the transition period of the international order, examining the intention of the Trump's “America First” policy on the backdrop of weakening of the “liberal international order(LIO)” and the position and status of Russia's sovereign internationalism emerging as an alternative to LIO and as a response to the transition period. Trump's “America First” policy is likely to be the product of strategic planning that inherits the traditional wisdom and strategic culture of “conservative internationalism,” one of the major trends in the history of US foreign strategy. The model of order that Russia has pursued as a response to the unilateral behaviors of the LIO is sovereign internationalism. It is closer to a partial revisionism rather than a “full-fledged” one in that it does not challenge the basic principles and core norms of the LIO, but insists on changing the way of its application and practice, claiming greater authority, leadership, and its share within LIO. The worldview and approach of sovereign internationalism are shared with BRICS, SCO countries, Iran and others. However, it is mainly limited to the spheres of international politics and security, and the role maintaining the norms and institutions in international trade, investment, and finance remains to be the share of the LIO. With this LIO playing a major role, it is expected that the transition period in which the alternative models of international order such as sovereign internationalism, mercantilist nationalism, and conservative internationalism would compete, conflict and coexist might be continued for a long time.

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