호모 소비에티쿠스에서 호모 푸티누스로의 진화 －규정요인과 속성을 중심으로－

초록

In the course of Putin's virtually 20 years of power, the characteristics of ideas, thoughts and actions shared by Russians who support or embrace Putinism have been captured. A ‘new type of Russian’ appeared. Homo sovieticus, which was officially extinguished after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, passed through the “Homo post-Sovieticus” and has evolved to be called Homo Putinus at least since the mid-2010s. Is this Homo Putinus a resurrection of Homo Sovieticus recalled by M. Gessen? The purpose of this paper is to identify the differences between the defining factors and attributes of Homo Putinus and those of Homo Sovieticus. Homo Putinus has been constructed through the interaction between an environmental regulatory factor that reflects the realities of the Russian society (characteristics of 'Russian style' democracy and liberal capitalism) and the response of Russians to it. At the same time, the political symbolism and manipulation of the Russian power elite, which had been actively involved in the process, also played a decisive role. Homo Post-Sovieticus has been increasingly embodied as Homo Putinus, as Putinism has taken shape through this process. This paper suggests that the appearance of Homo Putinus has occurred in a more multifaceted and complex domestic and international environment than before, and that the interests and semantics they define have also been embodied in accordance with the Russian public's economic life and ideological and emotional preferences. As a result, Homo Putinus's shared attributes are also likely to have a future evolutionary process that is different from the Soviet era.

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