기초자치단체 사회복지지출의 상대적 불평등 변화

초록

In order to supplement limitations of previous studies, we aimed at identifying the overall pattern of the relative inequality change of social welfare expenditures of municipalities and analyzing how the relative inequality status of individual municipalities changed. We set the time range of this study from 2008 to 2016, and used the relative inequality status change model of Davidson (1976) as an analytical model. The time range is divided into before and after the implementation of the free child care policy for all infants and toddlers(FCPAIT) in 2013, and the Davidson (1976) model was estimated for pre-FCPAIT, post-FCPAIT, and the entire period. The results show that the relative inequality in social welfare expenditures increased, some municipalities were deviated from the status quo and thus, their relative inequality status were changed, and the implementation of FCPAIT was likely to affect the change in the relative inequality status. First, the overall inequality change pattern was divergence in pre-FCPAIT, post-FCPAIT, and the entire period, which means that the relative inequality of social welfare expenditure increased. Second, most of the cases deviated from the status quo were the Gun, which means that the Gun had larger fluctuations in social welfare expenditures per capita compared to the Gu and the Shi. Third, the proportion of cases in which relative inequality status changed in post-FCPAIT was higher than in pre-FCPAIT, which suggests that the implementation of FCPAIT in 2013 was likely to affect changes in the relative inequality status of municipalities. Finally, the overall increase in relative inequality and the high proportion of upward divergence among cases deviated from the status quo suggests that the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.

키워드