평화의 과정: 보스니아 평화협정, 사라예보에서 데이튼까지

초록

The Bosnian War broke out in 1992 during the dissolution process of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and ended with the signing of the Dayton Agreement in November 1995. From the Sarajevo Agreement in January 1992 to the Dayton Agreement, a total of 11 peace treaties have been signed. Why were so many peace agreements signed and what role did each play in the overall peace-building process in Bosnia? Also, how does the Dayton Agreement, which brought realistic and stable peace to the war-torn country, differ from other peace agreements? By categorizing and analyzing the Bosnian peace agreements found in the UN Peacemaker Peace Agreements Database, this paper aims to explain the process of post-war peace-building in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In general, Bosnian peace agreements have evolved over time in three distinct forms: ⑴ preliminary framework agreement, ⑵ substantive basic agreement, and ⑶ complementary implementation agreement. However, their contribution to the overall peace-building process has not been significant. This is because peace in Bosnia was imposed externally instead of a process of building consensus and trust among the parties involved in signing the peace agreements. In other words, peace in Bosnia was primarily achieved through the decisive intervention of the United States and the Dayton Agreement. In sum, the Dayton Agreement was significant in that it is the final document of the post-war peace-building process and of the Bosnian reconstruction plan, which international mediators had discussed since the Washington Agreement.

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