동아시아 CSR의 사회적 구성: 글로벌 경제위기를 중심으로

초록

The current study offers a comparative analysis of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in four key countries that constitute the center of the capitalist growth in East Asia- namely Japan, Korea, China and Taiwan. This study conceptualizes CSR in four distinct categories: Bystander, Enlightenment, Conspicuous, and Norms. Also, it seeks to move beyond the extant literature that mainly focuses on the relationship between the overall economic performance (boom/bust) and the execution of CSR, especially in light of the recent global financial crisis. Instead, the current research investigates the processes by which CSR has evolved by using a concept called ʻʻsocial pressure,ʼʼ which consists of the degree of integration of the global market (external pressure) and the limited autonomy of corporate organizations (internal pressure). According to the results, in the case of Japan, the so-called ʻʻnormative CSR,ʼʼ which conforms to the market principles and led by firms, has developed. In Korea, what is discovered is the so-called ʻʻ conspicuous CSRʼʼ based on the owners of business group, so called chaebol. In the context of China, what might be termed the ʻʻenlightened CSRʼʼ has emerged, which is driven by the government-initiated attempts to encourage public companies based on a strong descriptive structure. Lastly, in the case of Taiwan, this study shows that the ʻʻbystander CSRʼʼ has surfaced, one that is initiated by the state but ignored by the corporate sector. In addition, through a close examination of case studies from Japan and Korea, this research makes a new empirical discovery: a connection between the background concerning the rise of Koreaʼs ʻʻconspicuous CSRʼʼ and the high expenditure in the area of social welfare.

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