한국전쟁기 합덕면 마을 주민간의 갈등

초록

North Korean Army occupied Hapduk Myun in July 1950, during the Korean War. The occupation forces executed land reform, So that poor tenants and farmhands(meosum) could have their own land. Poor tenants and farmhands became loyal to the North Korean army. North Korean army mobilized them in liquidating the right wing and the landed class. The members of right wing young men`s association were arrested and killed by some poor tenants and farmhands. In Shinhung Ri, some family members of a small land owner were killed by the tenants residing in the same village. A mob organized by some peasants of Shinsuk Ri and Okgum Ri attacked Shin Ri, where a rich land owner lived. However their attack was not successful, because the land owner and the villagers resisted with gun shooting and stone throwing. During the North Korean Army`s occupation, some villages of poor tenants became the villages of left wing. But the village dominated by the rich land owner and the village of Roman Catholicism believers did not join the left wing. Just before the North Korean Army retreated in September, one of the left wing villages attacked the Roman Catholicism believers village, and killed 10 people. After the retreat of North Korean Army. the Roman Catholicism believers arrested all the adult men in that village, and dozens of people were executed by the police and the right wing. In another village, the rival families, Oh family and Nahm family killed each other during the Korean War. Nahm Jung san, a member of Nahm family was an official during the colonial period, and he was cast out by the villagers, lead by Oh family, after the liberation in 1945. However he came back with American Army, and he became the boss of right wing young men`s association in Hapduk Myun and harassed Oh family. After the North Korean Army`s occupying Hapduk, one of the Oh family took charge of the left wing police. And Nahm Jung San was arrested and killed, and the members of his family were also killed by the farmhands mobilized by the Oh family. But after the North Koreans` retreat, Oh family members and their farmhands were killed by the police and the right wing. Before the Korean War the conflict between the residents in Hapduk Myun was more serious than any other areas in Dangjin County. During the Korean War, that conflict was taken advantage of by North Korean and South Korean power, and hundreds of people were victimied by the local left wing and right wing.

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