사회복지 구성의 고용과 경제성장 효과에 대한 실증분석

초록

on employment and economic growth. Social expenditure consists of various components, including pensions, public assistances, health insurances, social services, and active labor market polices, each of which can have different effects on employment and economic growth. Furthermore countries differ in the level and composition of social expenditure due to different needs and history. Our empirical analysis shows that pensions have a negative effect on employment while social services a positive effect. A one standard deviation increase in pensions decreases employment by 1.86%p~2.97%p, and a one standard deviation increase in social services increases employment by 1.65%p~2.97%p. We also find that the effects of pensions and social services on economic growth are not significant. From the results of our estimations, we conjecture that the high employment in Northern European Countries is associated with their welfare policy focused on social services. A natural policy implication of our findings is that social services should be the key component of social expenditure to expand employment opportunities in the process of de-industrialization.

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