4차 산업혁명: 문학의 변화와 지향점

초록

At this point, we should not be fussy about the Fourth Industrial Revolution, but should give a humanistic reflection on this matter in a calm and cool manner. The Fourth Industrial Revolution will bring about a massive transformation of the civilization itself, as well as corporations and the nation. Literature can not escape from this flow. The human mind, genes, and neurons are connected in the relationship of dependant origination with each other. Although the human mind is generated from genes and neurons, networking of the whole body also affects genes and neurons. Therefore, human beings have free will. Artificial intelligence will not replace humans perfectly, but strong AI Robot will break through technological singularity around 2050, making intelligent explosions and learning super-intelligence. AI will not only replace humans in many fields, but also confuse human nature and identity. In this case, the four beings of human, machine, AI, and cyborg will form a relationship of conflict and contradiction. In literature, tools and creators’ positions are overturned, and humans will fall into slavery or agents as the initial input ends. Literature must pursue human nature, life, and spirituality, which are distinct from AI. To achieve this, writing and reading should be done to create difference. We are experiencing more and more tele-presence because of the improved virtual reality. This breaks the boundaries between virtual and real and the crisis of representation increases. In the future, virtual reality will transcend the reality of literature. Nevertheless, the realm of literary reality will remain. The alternative of these matters is the “realism of teum(the gap) and cham(the ultimate truth)” that constantly makes a gap and pursues the truth while vibrating between the virtual and the reality. Now the world is transforming into a super-connected society that is connected to each other through the internet as if almost all objects, spaces, and data have intelligence. The hyper-linked society through the internet of things will increase the scope of a shared society with zero marginal cost, which will work in the field of literature as well. In a hyper-linked society, writers will give secondary meaning to objects that have their own meaning in the network, not objects that exist alone. Its aim is to make a nodal and feminine writing. In the end, humans will live and create literature in search of co-evolution with AI, while agonizing and wandering between the virtual and the real, the original and the copy, presence and tele-presence.

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