중국의 ‘五嶽’:지리적 표상에서 문화적 표상으로 -유네스코 세계유산 신청을 계기로 다시 본 오악 담론－

초록

Five Sacred Mountains are the most famous mountains of China, including Taishan, Huashan, Hengshan, Hengshan, Chongshan in each direction of east, west, south, north and center. Recently China had only tried to apply the Five Sacred Mountains as a set for the World Natural and Cultural Heritage of UNESCO. In the procession, there conforms a discourse of the Five Sacred Mountains in modern context. In this paper I tried to research how the symbol of the Five Sacred Mountains is formed, from the geographical meaning to political, religeous and cultural meaning. The Five Sacred Mountains were put in the center of the worship of mountains from ancient times. In Qin and Han dynasty, Qin Emperor began the sacrifice of Feng and Chan and the ritual added the Five Sacred Mountains very important political meaning, such as the power of emperor and the territory of the empire. It also became a sacred places of later religions and thoughts such as Confucious, Buddism and Daoism and got to have the religeous and cultural meaning. Especially folk religion to worship the God of Taishan which is called God of East Mountain, Dongyue-dadi and his daughter Bixiayuanjun became very popular in China, so people held big festivals for their nativity. The Five Sacred Mountains also became a cradle of literature of various genres and present various spectrum to the cultural landscape of Taishan and other four mountains. Westners are very interested in Feng-Chan and folk religion, but Korean accepted more naturally the way of Chinese thinking, also the meaning of the Five Sacred Mountains in chinese way. But now China put emphasis on the World Cultural Heritage, not only to get profit of the tourism but to establish the cultural identity. It seems to present a desire toward a new modern empire and it's cultural pride.

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