이슬람 근대화 사상의 현대적 교훈: 무함마드 압두(Muhammad Abduh)와 파즐라 라만(Fazlur Rahman)의 사상을 중심으로

초록

The release of provocative film <Innocence of Muslims> last year, which caused massive demonstrations and bloodshed within Islamic World, and the recent Boston Marathon Bombings and cautious speculations about its background demonstrate increasing conflict between Islam World and other civilizations. Albeit the long-held democratization efforts on the global scale, they fall into political and social disorder in the majority of Islam societies. Most commentaries on this phenomena equate Islamic culture with fundamentalist nature which refuses to accept the modern values and democratic attributes of the West. However, the western-centric bias, which considers cultural peculiarities as national, ethnographical, and geopolitical a priori, underlies such understanding. The author traces a brief history of misrecognitions about Islam and critically reviews its implications from the perspective of historical institutionalism. As a case study, this article tries to get inspirations for the better relationship between the contesting cultures by examining modernization movements and thoughts of two salient Islamic thinkers, Muhammad Abduh and Fazlur Rahman. It concludes with suggesting what these thinkers' thoughts implicate with respect to the contemporary debates upon Islam.

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