부가가치세법상 대리납부의무의 ‘용역의 국내공급’ 요건에 관한 연구

초록

Article 52 of the VAT Act stipulates that a VAT exempt business person who receives services provided by a foreign business person in Korea is obliged to pay VAT by reverse charge. In relation to the meaning of “services provided...domestically,” this provision does not give a clear guideline whether it is sufficient for a person who has been supplied with a service to ‘use’ the service in Korea or whether the ‘actual performance’ of the service must be performed in Korea. According to the court's precedents the “place where an important and essential part of the service is made” should be in Korea, but it is unclear whether that means ‘use’ or ‘actual performance’ in Korea. If we are faithful to the overall system and the destination principle of the VAT Act and take into account the revision history of the VAT Act and legislative trends in foreign countries, we should consider that the obligation to pay by reverse charge is established when the service is used in Korea. Even if it is determined based on the actual place of performance instead of the place of use, according to the court's precedents so far, an obligation to pay by reverse charge will arise when the part of an important and essential service from the point of view of the recipient is performed in Korea. As for the share payment for the system use service paid by domestic credit card companies to foreign credit card companies, the location of use of the service and the actual performance of the service from the point of view of domestic credit card companies should be determined as domestic. It would be desirable to revise the current VAT Act provisions, which only provide the standard of “services provided... domestically” as to international supply of services, more specifically and clearly by referring to foreign legislative examples such as the EC VAT Directive.

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