고려시대 공호(貢戶)의 성격에 관한 고찰

초록

The existence called Gongho(貢戶) appeared in Goryeo society after the 12th century. The existing studies explained that these people who appeared in large quantities as the wanderers in the 12th century were registered in their family register based on their permanent domiciles and were understood as the objects for collecting taxes. And they have found that their status or the aspect of bearing taxation was not unlike men of intermediate status between commoners and base persons(白丁). The partial studies understood that ‘Gonghoje(System：貢戶制)’ which classified all the people for collecting taxes into Gongho was implemented. However, considering the characteristics of Gongho in the current materials, they have found to be the people who produced specific goods and offered tributes or provided labor for specific places as Jeongyeokho(定役戶) unlike general men of intermediate status between commoners and base persons. And they have found that they had somewhat lower status than general commoners’, that is, were in the range of Cheonsa·Cheonyeokyangin(賤 事·賤役良人). As a lot of wanderers appeared and the dissolution of the area of Bugokje accelerated in the 12th century, the nation organized Gongho to produce specific goods. And they got to assimilate as the equivalent of specific Gukyeokbudamho of the existing area of Bugokje. They can be the pioneer of the Jeongyeokho class called Sinryangyeokcheon(身良役賤) after the Joseon Dynasty was founded.

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