세계 주요 전기자동차 기업 기술 포트폴리오 분석 : 중국의 추격을 중심으로

초록

As the electric vehicle (EV) market rapidly expands, patent-based analysis has become essential for assessing technological competitiveness. This study conducts a comparative analysis of battery electric vehicle (BEV) technology portfolios between Chinese and non-Chinese global firms. Using patent data, we define strategic IPC-based technology groups and analyze differences in technology concentration (HHI), diversity (entropy), and citation-based technological impact. The results reveal that Chinese firms tend to concentrate their patents in a few strategic technology areas, showing strong influence in select domains. In contrast, global firms exhibit a more balanced portfolio across a wide range of technologies, though in some cases, with relatively lower citation impact than Chinese firms. These findings suggest that Chinese companies are securing technological leadership in core areas through focused strategies, while global firms leverage broad technology bases for market adaptability. This study provides empirical evidence on national differences in technology strategies and offers insights for future BEV-related technology policy and industrial strategy.

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