부분 과제 계열화 방법과 과제요소 간 상호작용 수준이 과제 수행 시간 및 정확도와 인지부하에 미치는 영향

초록

A large number of studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of part-task sequencing on schema automation of recurrent skills. However, the effects may be inconclusive when the element interactivity is high. This study is to reveal the most effective part-task sequencing according to the level of element interactivity, and to find the appropriate part-task sequencing best suit for human cognitive structure. The 2x3 factorial experimental design was employed to investigate the effects of part-task sequencing and the level of element interactivity on schema automation of recurrent skills and the cognitive load. Three part-task sequencing were devised for this study:‘simple forward chaining’, ‘forward chaining with snowballing’, and ‘isolated forward chaining with snowballing’. The level of element interactivity was divided into high and low in terms of the task complexity represented by the amount of task elements as well as their interactivity. Schema automation was measured by both of the performance accuracy and the total time spent on performing the task. Cognitive load was assessed by 6-item, 5-point likert-type self-report questionnaire. 111 participants were randomly assigned into six groups and trained for two weeks. The participants had learned and practiced regarding how to use PowerPoint. The results suggest that the isolated forward chaining with snowballing was more effective for schema automation of recurrent skills when the element interactivity is high, whereas simple forward chaining was more effective when the element interactivity is low. Regarding cognitive load, higher intrinsic cognitive load was occurred when the element interactivity is high, compared to low element interactivity. The lowest level of extraneous cognitive load and the highest level of germane cognitive load were imposed when using isolated forward chaining with snowballing.

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