고등교육 재정지원 구성과 소득분배

초록

Using the data of thirty-two OECD countries from 1998 through 2018, we find public expenditures on tertiary education directed at individuals, particularly student loans, are significantly associated with a subsequent decrease in income inequality. On the other hand, a negative association between the public expenditures directed at institutions and income inequality cannot be found. A one standard error increase in public expenditures directed at individuals is associated with approximately one-fifth of one standard error decrease in Gini indices for market income. This paper is the first study to investigate and yield supportive evidence that public expenditures on tertiary education directed at individual students are more effective in enhancing equity than providing the funding directly to institutions.

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